System Configuration
| Description | Commands |
|---|---|
| Service management | systemctl, service, chkconfig, update-rc.d, ntsysv |
| Scheduling | crontab, cron |
| Time management | timedatectl, hwclock, zdump, rdate, clock |
| Environment & shell | alias, unalias, export, set, unset, env, ulimit |
| Kernel & modules | sysctl, modprobe, lsmod, insmod, rmmod, depmod, modinfo |
| Localization & console | locale, localectl, dircolors, loadkeys, setleds, showkey, stty |
| Disk quotas | quota, edquota, quotaon, quotaoff, quotacheck, repquota |
| Advanced tools | chroot, lspci, setserial, resize |
| Miscellaneous | lilo, sndconfig, setconsole, apmd, fbset |
Daily Driver
systemctl
Usage : systemctl start nginx
Example : systemctl enable ssh
Description : Manage systemd services and units.
Takeaway : Use for starting, stopping, enabling, or disabling services on modern Linux systems.service
Usage : service apache2 restart
Example : Restart Apache service.
Description : Manage services (SysV init style).
Takeaway : Use for legacy service management (pre-systemd).crontab
Usage : crontab -e
Example : 0 2 * * * /usr/bin/backup.sh
Description : Schedule recurring tasks.
Takeaway : Use for automating repetitive jobs.cron
Usage : systemctl status cron
Example : Ensure cron service is running.
Description : Cron daemon for scheduled jobs.
Takeaway : Use to manage background scheduling service.alias
Usage : alias ll='ls -la'
Example : Simplify frequent commands.
Description : Create command shortcuts.
Takeaway : Use for productivity and customization.unalias
Usage : unalias ll
Example : Disable alias temporarily.
Description : Remove command aliases.
Takeaway : Use to manage or reset aliases.export
Usage : export PATH=$PATH:/opt/bin
Example : Add custom path.
Description : Set environment variables.
Takeaway : Use for configuring environment variables.env
Usage : env VAR=value command
Example : env DEBUG=1 ./app
Description : Run commands with custom environment.
Takeaway : Use for temporary environment changes.set / unset
Usage : set VAR=value / unset VAR
Example : unset HISTFILE
Description : Manage shell variables.
Takeaway : Use for shell-level variable control.Time Management
clock
Usage : clock -s
Example : Set system time.
Description : Display/set system clock.
Takeaway : Legacy tool, replaced by timedatectl.zdump
Usage : zdump Asia/Kolkata
Example : Display timezone data.
Description : Show timezone info.
Takeaway : Use for timezone debugging.rdate
Usage : rdate time.server.com
Example : Sync with NTP server.
Description : Sync time with remote server.
Takeaway : Use for manual time sync.Disk Quotas
quota / edquota
Usage : quota -u user / edquota user
Example : Set quota limits.
Description : Manage user disk quotas.
Takeaway : Use for storage management.repquota
Usage : repquota /home
Example : Show quota report.
Description : Report quota usage.
Takeaway : Use for monitoring quota usage.Advanced System Tools
chroot
Usage : chroot /mnt /bin/bash
Example : Enter rescue environment.
Description : Run process in isolated root.
Takeaway : Use for recovery or sandboxing.lspci
Usage : lspci
Example : Identify graphics card.
Description : List PCI devices.
Takeaway : Use for hardware inspection.Miscellaneous & Legacy
lilo
Usage : lilo
Example : Update boot loader.
Description : Legacy Linux boot loader.
Takeaway : Use for legacy boot systems.
Updated on Dec 23, 2025